Saving the giant panda from extinction may well be one of conservation's most successful stories. As it turns out, however, that's not good news for the leopard, wolf and Asian wild dog, who share their habitat.
When the first sanctuary for pandas was established in China in the 1960s, the animal's status, which had been “threatened with extinction”, dropped to “vulnerable” in 2016, according to a list from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Show that decades of conservation efforts are paying off.
However, scientists are now finding that a large number of carnivores have disappeared from protected areas in China that were created as conservation habitat for pandas.
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While the panda cannot be blamed directly, this latest research confirms how conservation strategies should focus on the broader picture of an ecosystem, rather than caring for just one charismatic species.
"These findings warn of the dependence of single species conservation policies on biodiversity in the same area," said the researchers in their study.
Published in the journal Nature Ecology and Evolution, researchers from Peking University used survey data and hidden cameras in 73 protected areas in China, including 66 panda reserves. This was done to study the prevalence of four large mammals: the leopard (Panthera pardus), the snow leopard (Panthera uncia), the wolf (Canis lupus), and the Asian wild dog (Cuon alpinus).
The results show the wide range of the species studied. It is known that 81% of the leopards have disappeared from the protected area, the snow leopard 38%, the wolf 77%, and the Asian wild dog 95%.
Panda has been the subject of a conservation campaign for years. Even so, their numbers were slowly increasing.
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Its rescue efforts focus on restoring the mountainous forests of southwest China where they live - providing the habitat and bamboo they need to survive.
"It's all about restoring habitat. What we need is to get bamboo back and the number of pandas will slowly rise, "said Craig Hilton-Taylor, head of the IUCN Red List in 2016.
However, as revealed in a recent study, the approach is found to be unfriendly to inhabitants of the wider ecosystem.
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